Frequently Asked Questions

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Types of plastics
#PlasticWisely
Sustainability of OQ
Types of plastics
What is polyethylene terephthalate (PET)?
PET is a thermoplastic polymer resin of the polyester family. It's predominantly used in the manufacturing of clothing fibers, containers for foods and liquids (such as drinking water and carbonated drinks), as well as in thermoforming for manufacturing. PET is known for its strength, thermo-stability, and transparency.
What is the difference between polyethylene and normal plastic?
Polyethylene is a type of plastic, and more specifically, the most common plastic polymer. 'Normal plastic' isn't a specific category; it often refers to various types of polymers including polyethylene, polypropylene, PET, PVC, and polystyrene, among others. Polyethylene is characterised by its flexibility and is used in products like plastic bags and bottles.
Is PET recyclable, and how does the recycling process work?
PET is highly recyclable. The recycling process involves collecting, sorting, cleaning, and processing PET into flakes or pellets, which can then be used to manufacture new PET products. Advanced recycling technologies are enhancing the efficiency of this process.
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PET
What is polyethylene terephthalate (PET)?
PET is a thermoplastic polymer resin of the polyester family. It's predominantly used in the manufacturing of clothing fibers, containers for foods and liquids (such as drinking water and carbonated drinks), as well as in thermoforming for manufacturing. PET is known for its strength, thermo-stability, and transparency.
What is the difference between polyethylene and normal plastic?
Polyethylene is a type of plastic, and more specifically, the most common plastic polymer. 'Normal plastic' isn't a specific category; it often refers to various types of polymers including polyethylene, polypropylene, PET, PVC, and polystyrene, among others. Polyethylene is characterised by its flexibility and is used in products like plastic bags and bottles.
Is PET recyclable, and how does the recycling process work?
PET is highly recyclable. The recycling process involves collecting, sorting, cleaning, and processing PET into flakes or pellets, which can then be used to manufacture new PET products. Advanced recycling technologies are enhancing the efficiency of this process.
Are all PET products labeled with a recycling symbol recyclable?
Most PET products with a recycling symbol are recyclable. However, the feasibility of recycling depends on local recycling facilities and market demand for recycled PET.
Can PET be reused, and what precautions should be taken when reusing PET containers?
PET containers can be reused, but it's important to wash them thoroughly. Avoid using them for long-term storage or to contain hot or highly acidic substances, as this can lead to degradation and potential leaching of chemicals.
Can PET be used for food and beverage packaging, and is it safe to do so?
PET is widely used in food and beverage packaging due to its safety and effectiveness. It's FDA-approved for food contact and doesn't typically leach harmful substances.
Can PET react with food or beverages stored in PET containers?
Under normal conditions, PET does not react with food or beverages. However, at high temperatures or with certain chemicals, there might be a risk of leaching.
Are there concerns about PET reacting with sunlight or UV exposure?
Prolonged UV exposure can degrade PET, affecting its strength and clarity. Additives are often used to improve UV resistance.
Can PET react with other materials during recycling processes?
During recycling, PET needs to be separated from other materials to prevent contamination. Incompatible materials can degrade the quality of the recycled PET.
How does PET react to extreme temperatures, both hot and cold?
PET has a good temperature range but can be affected by extreme temperatures. It can become brittle in extreme cold and may soften or warp at high temperatures.
Does PET undergo any reactions during its production process?
During PET production, polymerisation reactions occur and are closely controlled to ensure product quality and safety.
Can PET react with certain medications or chemicals stored in PET containers?
PET is generally resistant to chemicals, but some medications or chemicals might react with the plastic, especially under specific conditions like high temperatures.
Is there a risk of allergic reactions to substances released from PET?
There is minimal risk of allergic reactions from PET itself. However, additives used in PET manufacturing might cause issues for a very small portion of the population.
How does PET react to mechanical stress, and does it release microplastics?
PET can release microplastics when subjected to significant mechanical stress, like degradation or breakage. This is a concern in terms of environmental impact.
HDPE
What is high density polyethylene (HDPE)?
HDPE, a thermoplastic polymer, is a subtype of polyethylene. It is known for its high strength-to-density ratio, which makes it a robust and durable plastic.
How is high density polyethylene (HDPE) made?
HDPE is produced by polymerising ethylene, a gas derived from petroleum or natural gas, under high pressure and temperature, often using catalysts.
What are the uses of high density polyethylene (HDPE)?
HDPE is used in making plastic bottles, pipes, plastic lumber, geomembranes, and various containers due to its durability and resistance to impact.
What are the advantages of using high density polyethylene (HDPE)?
HDPE's advantages include its high strength, light weight, ability to be recycled, and its resistance to impact, chemicals, and moisture.
What are the disadvantages of using high density polyethylene (HDPE)?
The disadvantages include its susceptibility to stress cracking, difficulty in bonding, and its environmental impact as a petroleum-based plastic.
How does high density polyethylene (HDPE) affect human health?
HDPE is generally considered safe for human contact. It does not leach chemicals easily, making it suitable for food and beverage containers.
Is high density polyethylene (HDPE) toxic?
HDPE is not toxic under normal use. It is one of the safer plastics for food and drink as it does not release harmful chemicals.
What is the difference between polyethylene and high density polyethylene?
Polyethylene is a broad category of polymers, and HDPE is a type of polyethylene characterised by its high density, strength, and rigidity.
What are industries that typically rely on HDPE for their products?
Industries like packaging, plumbing, construction, automotive, and consumer goods commonly use HDPE.
Is HDPE recyclable? How does it contribute to sustainability?
HDPE is recyclable, contributing to sustainability by reducing waste and resource consumption. Recycling HDPE saves significant energy and resources.
Can HDPE be used in contact with food and beverages?
HDPE is FDA-approved for food contact, making it safe for use in food and beverage containers.
Are there temperature limits for HDPE applications, and how does it perform in various climates?
HDPE performs well in a variety of climates but can deform at temperatures above 120°C (248°F) and become brittle at very low temperatures.
Are there compatibility issues with certain additives or materials in contact with HDPE over time?
HDPE can be incompatible with certain solvents and oils, which can lead to environmental stress cracking over time.
How does HDPE interact with different types of liquids, such as acids, bases, and solvents?
HDPE is resistant to many chemicals, including various acids and bases, but can be affected by certain solvents and oils.
How does the industry stay updated on advancements in HDPE safety and performance?
The industry stays updated through research, conferences, publications, and regulatory updates, ensuring continuous improvement in HDPE safety and performance.
LDPE
What is low density polyethylene (LDPE)?
LDPE is a thermoplastic made from the monomer ethylene. It's characterised by its lower density and branching, which results in a more flexible material compared to HDPE.
How is low density polyethylene (LDPE) made?
LDPE is produced by the polymerisation of ethylene at high pressures and temperatures using a free radical initiator. This process creates the polymer chains' characteristic branching.
What are the applications of low density polyethylene (LDPE)?
LDPE is widely used in packaging (like plastic bags and film wrap), containers, dispenser bottles, tubing, and various molded laboratory equipment.
What are the advantages of using low density polyethylene (LDPE)?
The key advantages include flexibility, ease of processing, transparency, and resistance to moisture and chemicals. It's also relatively inexpensive.
What are the disadvantages of using low density polyethylene (LDPE)?
LDPE's disadvantages include lower strength and temperature resistance compared to HDPE, and it's more prone to tearing.
What are the health effects of low density polyethylene (LDPE)?
LDPE is generally considered safe and non-toxic. It's commonly used in food packaging and doesn't leach chemicals into foods or liquids.
Is low density polyethylene (LDPE) toxic?
LDPE is not toxic under normal conditions of use. It's a stable and inert material, commonly used for food-contact applications.
What are the differences between low density polyethylene (LDPE) and high density polyethylene (HDPE)?
The main differences are in density and branching. LDPE has more branching, making it less dense and more flexible. HDPE is denser, stronger, and more rigid.
Which is better for my product packaging, HDPE or LDPE polybags?
The choice depends on the application. HDPE is better for stiffer, more durable bags, while LDPE is preferred for its flexibility and softness.
Which type of plastic burns faster, high density polyethylene (HDPE) or low density polyethylene (LDPE)?
LDPE tends to burn faster and at a lower temperature due to its lower melting point and less compact molecular structure.
What is the temperature range within which LDPE maintains its stability, and how does it react to extreme temperatures?
LDPE is stable between -50°C and 80°C. It becomes softer and loses strength at higher temperatures and becomes brittle at extremely low temperatures.
How chemically stable is LDPE, and what common substances does it resist reacting with?
LDPE is resistant to acids, alcohols, bases, esters, and ketones. It's less resistant to oils, greases, and hydrocarbons.
Is LDPE considered safe for storing food and beverages, and are there guidelines for ensuring safety in food-related applications?
LDPE is considered safe for food and beverage storage. Following FDA guidelines for food-contact materials is recommended to ensure safety.
How resistant is LDPE to oxidation, and what factors can contribute to oxidation over time?
LDPE is moderately resistant to oxidation, but it can degrade over time, especially under UV light or in the presence of certain chemicals. Antioxidants are often added to improve stability.
PP
What is polypropylene? (PP)
Polypropylene is a thermoplastic polymer made from propylene monomers. It's known for its versatility, chemical resistance, and excellent mechanical properties.
What are the applications of polypropylene (PP)?
Polypropylene is used in a variety of applications including packaging, automotive parts, textiles (like ropes and fabrics), consumer goods, plastic parts, and reusable containers.
What are the benefits of using polypropylene (PP)?
The benefits include high resistance to chemicals, heat, and electricity, its lightweight nature, durability, and general cost-effectiveness. polypropylene also has good fatigue resistance.
What are the limitations of using polypropylene?
Limitations include poor resistance to UV light and chlorinated solvents, and it can become brittle at low temperatures. Also, polypropylene has a high thermal expansion rate.
How is polypropylene (PP) processed?
Polypropylene is processed using various techniques like injection molding, extrusion, blow molding, and thermoforming, due to its excellent moldability.
What is the difference between polypropylene and other thermoplastics in terms of cost and performance?
Compared to other thermoplastics, polypropylene often offers a better balance of properties and cost. It's less dense than others like PET and PVC, and typically has better chemical resistance and a higher melting point than LDPE.
Is polypropylene recyclable?
Yes, polypropylene is recyclable. However, recycling rates are lower compared to some other plastics like PET and HDPE.
Is polypropylene food safe?
Polypropylene is generally considered safe for food contact. It is used in various food packaging and containers due to its resistance to heat, chemicals, and moisture
Is polypropylene biodegradable?
Polypropylene is not biodegradable under normal environmental conditions. It requires specific conditions for biodegradation which are not typically present in natural environments.
What are the environmental impacts of using polypropylene?
The main environmental concerns include its non-biodegradable nature and the pollution related to its production and disposal. Efforts are being made to improve recycling and reduce environmental impact.
Is polypropylene the same as PET?
No, they are different types of plastics. PET (polyethylene terephthalate) is often used for bottles and fibers, while polypropylene is used for a wider range of products due to its higher melting point and durability.
How does polypropylene perform under different temperatures?
Polypropylene performs well under a wide range of temperatures but can become brittle at temperatures below 0°C. It has a higher melting point (around 160°C) than many other plastics.
Can polypropylene be used for medical or pharmaceutical applications?
Polypropylene is often used in medical and pharmaceutical applications due to its ability to be sterilised and its high chemical and bacterial resistance.
Are there any allergic reactions associated with polypropylene?
Allergic reactions to polypropylene are extremely rare. It's considered one of the safer plastics and is often used in medical applications for its inert properties.
#PlasticWisely
What are the different approaches people can have toward plastic?
Attitudes towards plastic vary greatly. Some see it as an essential material due to its versatility and convenience, while others focus on the environmental impact and advocate for reduced use, recycling, or alternative materials.
What aspects of our daily life does plastic impact?
Plastic has become integral to modern life due to its versatility, durability, and cost-effectiveness. It's used in packaging, transportation, electronics, healthcare, and more. Its lightweight nature and adaptability make it indispensable in many industries.
What is the #PlasticWisely campaign about?
#PlasticWisely is encouraging people to take a closer look at their plastic consumption. Conscientious consumption is the first step to addressing our current environmental needs. Properly using, storing, and disposing of plastics would have an immense effect in alleviating pollution. Learn more on https://shorturl.at/huLW9
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What are the different approaches people can have toward plastic?
Attitudes towards plastic vary greatly. Some see it as an essential material due to its versatility and convenience, while others focus on the environmental impact and advocate for reduced use, recycling, or alternative materials.
What aspects of our daily life does plastic impact?
Plastic has become integral to modern life due to its versatility, durability, and cost-effectiveness. It's used in packaging, transportation, electronics, healthcare, and more. Its lightweight nature and adaptability make it indispensable in many industries.
What is the #PlasticWisely campaign about?
#PlasticWisely is encouraging people to take a closer look at their plastic consumption. Conscientious consumption is the first step to addressing our current environmental needs. Properly using, storing, and disposing of plastics would have an immense effect in alleviating pollution. Learn more on https://shorturl.at/huLW9
What makes this campaign about plasitcs any different?
Current campaigns emphasise the significance of changing perspectives and behaviors towards plastic use and encouraging the adoption of circular economy principles, which aim to extend the lifecycle of materials by reusing and repurposing them.
Why is recycling percieved as a worn-down message?
Recycling has been promoted for decades; however, global recycling rates remain low. This issue, along with the challenges in obtaining high-quality waste feedstock for the recycling process and the market demand for recycled materials, can make the message feel less impactful.
How can conscious consumption be achieved?
To promote conscientious consumption, education on the positive impact of plastics, the negatives of plastic waste on the environment, and the encouragement of reusing plastics are key. Making responsible consumption easy and accessible is also crucial. Additionally, policies and incentives can play a significant role.
How do I know what kind of plastic I'm using and how can I store it properly?
You can identify the type of plastic by the recycling symbols and their resin identification numbers on the bottom of the article/product (1 for PET, 2 for HDPE, etc.). Proper storage involves keeping plastics away from heat and direct sunlight, and using them for their intended purpose.
How do I properly dispose of plastic?
Proper disposal involves separating plastics for recycling, ensuring they are clean and free of food waste. Follow local guidelines for recycling and disposal.
If improperly stored, will the plastic affect whatever is stored?
If plastics are stored improperly, they may degrade and potentially leach chemicals into their contents. This is particularly a concern with food and beverages, especially when exposed to high temperatures or sunlight.
If improperly stored, how will the plastic affect whatever is stored?
Improper storage of plastic can adversely affect its contents in various ways. Chemicals like BPA or phthalates in certain plastics may leach into contents when exposed to high temperatures, posing a risk particularly for food and beverages.
Are the heavy plastic bottles still hazardous to be kept in the car?
Keeping plastic bottles, especially PET bottles, in cars can be risky due to the exposure to high temperatures and sunlight. This can lead to the leaching of chemicals like antimony and BPA, although the specific health risks are a subject of ongoing research.
Sustainability of OQ
Are there alternatives to plastic in essential items like water bottles that can help reduce environmental harm?
Alternatives such as glass, stainless steel, and biodegradable materials are marketed as viable options, though they come with trade-offs in terms of cost, durability, and carbon footprint.
How effective is the recycling of plastic water bottles, and how do you address skepticism about the actual recycling rates and outcomes?
Recycling is very effective as it gives the plastics another life and reduces waste. We address skepticism by supporting and enhancing the efforts made in research and innovation to increase the recycling rates and make new recycled products.
What strategies are in place to minimise waste and promote responsible disposal of plastic items, especially those considered essential?
Our methods include raising awareness on the different types of plastics as well as the responsible and efficient usage and disposal of it. It is important to acknowledge the importance of plastics and how they improve our everyday lives, but we should ensure that we practice the correct behavior when using it and disposing of it to protect the environment.
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Are there alternatives to plastic in essential items like water bottles that can help reduce environmental harm?
Alternatives such as glass, stainless steel, and biodegradable materials are marketed as viable options, though they come with trade-offs in terms of cost, durability, and carbon footprint.
How effective is the recycling of plastic water bottles, and how do you address skepticism about the actual recycling rates and outcomes?
Recycling is very effective as it gives the plastics another life and reduces waste. We address skepticism by supporting and enhancing the efforts made in research and innovation to increase the recycling rates and make new recycled products.
What strategies are in place to minimise waste and promote responsible disposal of plastic items, especially those considered essential?
Our methods include raising awareness on the different types of plastics as well as the responsible and efficient usage and disposal of it. It is important to acknowledge the importance of plastics and how they improve our everyday lives, but we should ensure that we practice the correct behavior when using it and disposing of it to protect the environment.
How does OQ demonstrate corporate social responsibility in the context of using plastic for essential items, and what sustainable practices are being implemented?
OQ is a responsible polymer producer, strictly adhering to globally set standards in terms of product quality and safety. In terms of plastic waste management within our plastic production, we ensure that scrap does not end up in landfills. Instead, it is transformed into useful products, thereby not only saving the environment but also providing opportunities to local companies and promoting In-Country Value (ICV).
What types of plastics are recyclable?
Commonly recyclable plastics include PET, PP, LLDPE, and HDPE.
How does the plastic recycling process work?
It involves collecting, sorting by type, cleaning, shredding, melting, and reforming into pellets, which are then used to make new products
Does recycling plastics have any negative effects on the environment?
Recycling can have downsides like energy consumption and emissions from transportation and processing. However, these are generally less than producing other alternatives such as glass and cardboard.
How can consumers identify recyclable plastics?
Consumers can identify them by the Resin Identification Code (RIC) – numbered symbols typically found on the bottom of plastic products.
How do I know which plastic is good or bad?
“Good” plastics are those easily recyclable or with lower environmental impact. "Bad" plastics are those difficult to recycle or potentially harmful, like PVC.
Can all plastics be recycled in all regions?
Not all plastics can be recycled in all regions. The local recycling infrastructure and market demand for recycled materials play a significant role.
Which types of plastics can be repurposed?
Many plastics, like PET, HDPE, and LDPE, can be repurposed into various products, from clothing fibers to construction materials.
What does the Resin Identification code (RIC) look like? And how can I look out for it?
The RIC system uses numbers (1-7) within a triangle of chasing arrows to identify plastic types. Look for this symbol on plastic products.
What are the  different types of plastics and their environmental impact?
Each type (PET, HDPE, PVC, LDPE, PP, PS, and others) has a unique environmental impact based on its production, usage, and disposal lifecycle. Understanding these impacts helps in making informed choices.
How can I differentiate between various types of plastics and their environmental impact?
To differentiate between types of plastics and their environmental impact, check the Resin Identification Code (RIC) on the product, which is a number (1-7) inside a recycling symbol. Types of plastics include PET (RIC #1), HDPE (RIC #2), PVC (RIC #3), LDPE (RIC #4), PP (RIC #5), PS (RIC #6), and others (RIC #7), each with varying levels of recyclability and environmental impact. PET and HDPE are more environmentally friendly due to their recyclability.
Can you explain the difference between biodegradable and traditional plastics?
Biodegradable plastics break down naturally in the environment, often faster than traditional plastics which are designed for durability and can persist for decades.
What are the benefits and challenges of using reusable plastics?
Benefits include reduced waste and environmental impact. Challenges involve ensuring proper cleaning to avoid contamination and managing higher upfront costs.
In what sense is any sort of plastics not harmful to the environment?
Plastics with minimal environmental impact are those that are easily recyclable, have a lower carbon footprint, or are made from renewable resources.
Are these plastics biodegradable?
Some plastics are biodegradable, typically those made from plant-based materials. While most plastics are not biodegradable, they are recyclable.
How would this affect plastic polution in the oceans and landfills?
By using the plastic containers wisely and mindfully, reusing, refurbishing and recycling, we ensure that less plastics are disposed of irresponsibly to contaminate our environments.
What are some examples of the positive attributes for the use of plastics?
Benefits include durability, flexibility, lightweight nature, and versatility in applications ranging from medical devices to food packaging, contributing to safety, sanitation, and convenience.
At OQ, we are continually seeking to balance the utility of plastics in modern life with responsible production and end-of-life management to minimise environmental impact.